What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you comparing the efficiency ratings of new air conditioning and furnace systems? Perhaps you’re just curious to understand the rating on your existing HVAC equipment. Either way, you can learn the efficiency rating and estimated yearly operating costs by inspecting the yellow Energy Guide sticker along the side of the unit. Below are some facts about the various ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is an acronym for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a measurement of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating signifies the cooling output of an air conditioning unit over an entire cooling season, divided by the volume of energy utilized within that time frame. A higher SEER rating indicates greater energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

As of 2023, the minimum SEER rating for new air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an increase from the past minimum stipulation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, which was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment is one part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to minimize energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Lately, top-quality air conditioners claim ratings of 26 SEER or higher, offering amazing energy savings. But bear in mind, exceptional SEER ratings normally come with a higher purchase cost. Which means you should consider both the initial investment and the potential for long-term savings when selecting a new air conditioning unit.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings get more attention, cooling systems have a different efficiency statistic you should know about. It’s referred to as EER, and it stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This conveys the efficiency of an AC unit under distinct operating circumstances. The EER rating enables you to understand if the system will support the demand on extreme summer days.

Presently, only the southwest region has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Maximum ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER for the most part correspond, with higher ratings signifying greater overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are metrics that indicate the measurement of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps when in heating mode. HSPF is a proportion of the entire heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating means a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an increase from the preceeding minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE is making it more affordable long-term for Americans to use more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses throughout the U.S. Settling for less efficiency remains an option, but it’s a wise choice to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are an alternative standard of heating system efficiency, but they apply to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a proportion of the yearly heat output to the energy utilized during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the furnace or boiler.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces changed to 81. Formerly, the south and southwest had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll cut back on your heating bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced the ENERGY STAR program in 1992 to help homeowners and businesses identify the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that achieve or exceed superior efficiency standards can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go above and beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and reduce emissions without limiting performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the top performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is presently updating the qualification requisites given the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help determining which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is appropriate for your budget, call Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can evaluate your situation and aid you in making an informed decision. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most popular brands, all of which satisfy or exceed the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so convinced that you’ll be happy with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a free HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.